"This is for the record."
— Captain Price
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 is set five years after the conclusion of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. Despite the efforts of the Marines and the SAS, the Ultranationalists seize control of Russia and enshrine Imran Zakhaev, the deceased leader of the Ultranationalists, a hero and martyr. Meanwhile, Vladimir Makarov, one of Zakhaev's former lieutenants, begins a reign of terror against Europe by staging numerous terror attacks. The game begins in Afghanistan, where US Army Ranger Private Allen of 1st Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment participates in an operation to retake an Afghan city from local militia. Impressed, General Shepherd recruits Allen as a CIA operative and places him in Makarov's organization as an undercover operative. Meanwhile, Soap and Roach infiltrate a Russian airbase to recover an American ACS module. Allen then participates with Makarov under the alias of Alexei Borodin in a terrorist attack on Zakhaev International Airport in Moscow. However, Makarov is somehow aware that Allen is an undercover CIA agent, and kills Allen before fleeing the airport. The terrorist attack was made to look as if done by Americans as Makarov and his squad speak English and use NATO weapons (i.e. M4A1 and M240). Allen's body is left behind for the Russians to find, which will be identified as American. Angered by what they believe is an American-supported terrorist attack, Russia initiates a surprise invasion of the United States East Coast. The 1st Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment is called upon to defend Virginia and Washington D.C. from the Russian attack. Meanwhile, Task Force 141 now shifts their attention to Makarov. They go to Rio de Janeiro to investigate one of Makarov's alleged suppliers (traced by a shell from Makarov's rifle), Alejandro Rojas. After capturing and interrogating Rojas, the Task Force discovers that one of Makarov's most hated enemies, known as Prisoner 627, is being held in the Gulag a Russian political prison. However, the Russian invasion of the US has cut off aerial support for Task Force 141, leaving them stranded in Brazil. Nikolai is enlisted by Soap to extract Task Force 141 from Rio de Janeiro. Piloting a Pave Low, he manages to rescue the Task Force 141 members from the Favela gangs ('militia'). Soap believes that breaking Prisoner 627 from the Russian prison will draw Makarov out. General Shepherd orders Task Force 141 to link up with the 6th Fleet to lead a counterattack against the Russians near the Bering Strait. With assistance from the Navy SEALs, Marines, and American Navy, Task Force 141 break through oil rigs being used as SAM (Surface to Air Missiles) platforms and storm The Gulag to free Prisoner 627, who is revealed to be Captain Price. After a close escape involving a Pave Low and SPIE Rig, Price agrees to join Task Force 141 and help them track down Makarov. Price believes that something extreme must be done to end the war in the US. Task Force 141 temporarily goes rogue, infiltrating a Russian submarine base. Price then hijacks a Russian nuclear submarine and launches an ICBM at Washington D.C. However, Price programs the warhead to airburst (detonate) high over the city, which destroys the International Space Station but spares Washington and creates a EMP (electromagnetic pulse). The electromagnetic pulse cripples both the US and Russian forces in the city. Helicopters and other aircraft crash to earth, and Sergeant Foley and his squad discover that the Air Force has orders to carpet bomb Washington D.C., as the US military believes that the city has been lost to Russian control. The only way to abort the operation is to set off green flares on the roof of the White House (which was still occupied by Russian forces) to signal that the friendly American forces have control of the city. Foley and his squad fight their way to the roof the White House and manage to set off their flares just as the bombers arrive. Green flares on the roofs of other D.C. landmarks signifies that the city is once again firmly in American hands. Foley and the rest of the Rangers vow to take the fight to the Russians, and to burn Moscow just as Washington, D.C. was targeted. However, Makarov is still on the loose. General Shepherd informs Task Force 141 that two of Makarov's safe havens have been identified, ordering them to split up and to secure both locations simultaneously. Soap and Price go to the aircraft scrapyards in Afghanistan, while Roach and Ghost raid Makarov's safehouse in the Caucasus Mountains. It is revealed to be a trap, but Task Force 141 fights their way through the safehouse and obtain vital intelligence to put an end to him for good. However, General Shepherd betrays them, killing both Ghost and Roach. He intends to take advantage of the crisis to become an American war hero and secure the support of the American population. Price and Soap manage to escape Shepherd's ambush, fighting both a new enemy, known as Shadow Company (Shepherds elite band of troops), and the last of the Ultranationalist forces at the same time, in the middle of a battle. They convince Makarov to reveal Shepherd's location to them, Site Hotel Bravo in Afghanistan. Once they arrive, Soap and Price decide to take him out in one final, bloody suicide mission, not only as revenge but to prevent his rise to power. They attack his base there, Shepherd narrowly escaping on a Zodiac (a high speed inflatatable boat). They chase him down an Afghan river, through some caves, guarded by OpFor, who are also engaging Shadow Company. Price shoots down the helicopter Shepherd tries to escape in, but he and Soap fall down a waterfall. The heavily wounded Soap stumbles through the crash site and chases Shepherd, who gives him a short lecture about being able to "do what is necessary". Soap makes a fruitless attempt to kill Shepherd, getting a knife in the chest in the end. Shepherd eventually prepares to execute Soap, but Price tackles Shepherd at the last second. As Soap lays dying, Shepherd and Price fight. By ripping the knife out of his own chest, Soap manages to kill Shepherd with a knife throw to the eye. Nikolai arrives to extract them, Price and Soap both knowing that they will be international fugitives for what they have done, but Nikolai insists he knows a safe place to take them.

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